In Sanchez v. Guzman, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit affirmed the district court’s decision to grant qualified immunity in a Section 1983 excessive-force claim. The court highlighted the critical importance of properly prosecuting appeals, emphasizing that litigants can waive winning arguments if they fail to adequately define the factual universe essential for determining the clarity of the relevant law. The Tenth Circuit’s decision in Sanchez v. Guzman offers key insights into the structure of a qualified immunity appeal and underscores the necessity for appellants to be meticulous in how they present their appeal.