Human Rights Watch (HRW) has criticized Libya’s authorities for failing to sufficiently support the victims of last year’s catastrophic floods in Derna. According to HRW, the aftermath of the disaster has resulted in a significant lack of compensation and rebuilding efforts, leaving essential infrastructure unbuilt and thousands of displaced residents unable to return to their homes. For more detailed information, refer to the full report.
The floods, caused by Storm Daniel on September 10, 2023, led to the collapse of two dams in the eastern Libyan city, claiming over 4,300 lives and leaving more than 8,000 people missing. The disaster, which resulted in $1.65 billion in damages and displaced over 43,000 residents, has sparked significant backlash against the Libyan government. Critics argue that timely evacuation measures were not implemented despite warnings issued three days before the flooding. Furthermore, a 2021 audit revealed that the dams had not been properly maintained, escalating the disaster’s impact.
In response to the tragedy, authorities initiated an investigation and convicted 12 individuals in July. However, concerns regarding the fairness of the investigation have been raised by local organizations, who are advocating for an independent investigation conducted by international bodies. For example, details on the fairness of the investigation can be reviewed here.
HRW conducted interviews with residents in Derna and reported that survivors have not received any compensation and face difficulties in accessing essential public records, such as identity cards and home registration documents, vital for resettlement. Furthermore, the UN Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs highlighted issues related to disease outbreaks and inadequate water and sanitation facilities. Additionally, armed groups that had obstructed evacuations have not been held accountable. The UN’s analysis is available here.
Hanan Salah, Associate Middle East and North Africa Director at HRW, emphasized the necessity for an equitable approach to reconstruction and relief efforts for Derna’s residents. The Libyan government has stated that further rebuilding and rehabilitation measures are underway, yet significant progress remains to be seen.