Amnesty International has called on Moroccan authorities to cease the use of excessive force against demonstrators following recent violent crackdowns that have resulted in at least three fatalities and hundreds of arrests. The human rights organization is urging the establishment of an independent investigation into these events, highlighting allegations of abuses by security forces against peaceful protestors.
The protests, led predominantly by young people and organized via social media, began in late September across major cities including Casablanca, Agadir, and Marrakech. These demonstrations, attributed to the “Gen Z 212” movement, were sparked by discontent over inadequate public services, rampant unemployment, and concerns about government expenditures related to the 2030 World Cup preparations.
While initial protests were peaceful, violence escalated by September 30, as reported by several observers. Protesters resorted to setting vehicles on fire and damaging public structures, while security forces used tear gas, rubber bullets, and even live ammunition in response. Amnesty International has outlined instances of security forces using vehicles to drive into crowds, calling these actions a severe violation of human rights norms.
Videos reviewed by Amnesty provide evidence of aggressive tactics, including arresting peaceful participants before any unrest began. One protester recounted witnessing security personnel forcefully detaining a bystander without cause, underpinning the organization’s demand for justice and due process for those wrongfully detained. Many arrested demonstrators, including minors, have been charged under the Moroccan Penal Code for involvement in what is claimed to be violent gatherings, despite some detentions occurring before violence erupted.
Amnesty argues against the use of lethal force, referencing international laws that restrict it to scenarios where it is absolutely necessary to safeguard life. The organization stresses that authorities need to prioritize measures that prevent the necessity of force, ensuring minimal harm when it is unavoidable.
In a related development, Gen Z 212 addressed a public letter to King Mohammed VI, invoking the country’s constitutional guidelines to demand comprehensive political reforms. Their message articulates a growing frustration with political institutions, seeking judicial actions against corrupt officials and the dissolution of complicit political entities. The youth movement called for reforms in education, healthcare, employment equality, and the protection of freedom of expression and peaceful assembly.
The timing of Amnesty’s report coincided with the Moroccan government’s initial response to the protests, with Prime Minister Aziz Akhannouch expressing readiness for dialogue. This was met with skepticism from the youth movement, which insists on tangible actions over mere promises. The situation in Morocco highlights a critical moment for the nation, as a new generation seeks to rebuild trust between the public and state mechanisms.